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Objective:To determine the 50% effective concentration (EC 50) of ropivacaine plus sufentanil for labor analgesia using the dural puncture epidural technique. Methods:Using the method of prospective study, sixty parturients requiring labor analgesia in Dalian Women and Children′s Medical Group from May 2021 to May 2022 were divided into six groups using a random number table and administered 0.3 mg/L sufentanil and ropivacaine at different concentrations: 0.05% (group D1), 0.06% (group D2), 0.07% (group D3), 0.08% (group D4), 0.09% (group D5), and 0.1% (group D6). A probit model was constructed to compute the EC 50 values and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of ropivacaine plus sufentanil in dural puncture epidural analgesia (DPEA) for labor. The pain intensity of uterine contractions before labor analgesia and 30 min after administration was recorded and assessed on a numeric rating scale (NRS), and decreases in blood pressures and heart rates, vomiting and nausea, postpartum headaches, and fetal bradycardia were documented. Results:When using ropivacaine plus sufentanil for labor analgesia via DPE, the EC 50 was 0.061%, and the 95% CI ranged from 0.051 to 0.067; the 90% effective concentration (EC 90) was 0.081%, and the 95% CI was between 0.074 and 0.098. Among the six groups, there was one case of fetal bradycardia in group D3 and one case of decreased heart rates in group D4. No decreased blood pressure, vomiting and nausea, or postpartum headaches were reported. Conclusions:In DPEA for labor, ropivacaine plus sufentanil has an EC 50 of 0.061%, with the 95% CI falling between 0.051 and 0.067, similar to the EC 50 value in epidural analgesia.
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Objective:To study and analyze the clinical effect of letrozole combined with metformin in the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)-associated infertility.Methods:From January 2019 to December 2019, 75 patients diagnosed with PCOS and insulin resistance index increased (>2.69)-associated infertility treated in Dalian Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital were selected. Patients were divided into control group (38 patients, treatment with letrozole) and experimental group (37 patients, treatment with letrozole combined with metformin) with a random number table method. Changes of fasting blood glucose (FBG) , fasting insulin (FINS) , insulin resistance level, ovulation rate, pregnancy rate, body mass and body mass index (BMI) were compared between the experimental group and the control group before and after treatment.Results:After treatment, the level of FBG in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, but without significant difference ( P>0.05). The levels of FINS, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), the body mass and the BMI in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group [ (13.66 ± 1.55) mU/L vs. (8.40 ± 2.31) mU/L, 3.10 ± 0.58 vs. 1.91 ± 0.63, (60.70 ± 4.61) kg vs. (65.99 ± 4.79) kg, (22.59 ± 1.64) kg/m 2 vs. (24.40 ± 1.70) kg/m 2], there were significant differences ( P<0.05). The ovulation rate and the pregnancy rate in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group [91.9% (34/37) vs. 68.4% (26/38) , 45.9% (17/37) vs. 21.1% (8/38) ], there were significant differences ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The treatment of PCOS-associated infertility with letrozole combined with metformin could promote ovulation, and had positive effects in improving the pregnancy rate.
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Objective:To compare the application effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)-associated infertility with clomiphene citrate (CC) combined with human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG).Methods:From June 2018 to June 2019, PCOS-associated infertile patients (80 patients) diagnosed in Dalian Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital were selected. Patients were randomly divided into GnRHa group (40 patients) and HCG group(40 patients) with a random number table method. All patients were performed with CC combined with HMG for ovulation induction. When the average diameter of the dominant follicle reached 18-20 mm, GnRHa 0.1 mg was used in the GnRHa group to induce follicle maturation, and HCG 10 000 U was used in HCG group to induce follicle maturation. Ovulation rate, pregnancy rate, early abortion rate, multiple pregnancy rate, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) rate and luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome (LUFS) rate were compared between the two groups. The application effects of GnRHa and HCG in the treatment of PCOS-associated infertility with CC combined with HMG were analyzed.Results:There were no significant differences in the ovulation rate, the pregnancy rate, the early abortion rate, the multiple pregnancy rate and the LUFS rate between the GnRHa group and the HCG group ( P>0.05). The OHSS rate in the GnRHa group was significantly lower than that in the HCG group [0 vs. 15.0%(6/40)]( P<0.05). Conclusions:The incidence of OHSS is significantly lower in GnRHa induced follicular maturation compared with HCG induced follicular maturation in the treatment of PCOS-associated infertility with CC combined with HMG for ovulation induction.
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Objective:To develop a method for the determination of Zinc gluconate and citric acid in Shanpu-Jianpi granule. Methods:The air-acetylene was selected as flame type, the detection wavelength was 213.9 nm, the gas flow rate was 0.9 L/min, the burner height was 7.2 mm, and deuterium lamp was used as background correction. The width of passband was 1.0 nm. Titration, sodium hydroxide was used to determine the citric acid with phenolphthalein as an indicator.Results:The content of Zinc Meletin, exhibited good linearity ( r=0.999 8) among the ranges of 0.1-2.0 μg/ml and the average recovery was 94.06% ( RSD=1.67%). The average recovery of citric acid was 94.65% ( RSD=0.91%). Conclusions:The method is simple, accurate and high sensitivity which can be used for determination of Zinc gluconate and citric acid in Shanpu-Jianpi granule.
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BACKGROUND:Studies on high glucose exposure in human periodontal ligament cel s usual y focus on the biological behaviors, pathways and secretory factors, but whether the metabolic memory is involved is little known. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the metabolic memory of high glucose exposure in human periodontal ligament cel s. METHODS:Human periodontal ligament cel s were primarily cultured and identified. Cel s at 5-8 passages were selected and randomized into four groups. Group A (controls):DMEM containing 5.5 mmol/L glucose for 8 days;group B (5-day memory group):DMEM containing 35 mmol/L glucose for 3 days and DMEM containing 5.5 mmol/L glucose for 5 days;group C (3-day memory group):DMEM containing 35 mmol/L glucose for 5 days and DMEM containing 5.5 mmol/L glucose for 3 days;group D (8-day high glucose group):DMEM containing 35 mmol/L glucose for 8 days. The cel proliferation was detected by cel counting kit-8, the cel apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry, and the levels of total proteins and alkaline phosphatase were investigated using ELISA. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, the cel proliferation in the other three groups was significantly reduced (P<0.05), the number of apoptotic cel s was significantly increased, while the levels of total proteins and alkaline phosphatase were significantly decreased (P<0.05). These results suggest that high glucose causes persistent changes in human periodontal ligament cel s by inhibiting cel viability, increasing the apoptosis and downregulating the levels of the total proteins and alkaline phosphatase
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BACKGROUND:Both high glucose and lipopolysaccharide have been proved to promote the apoptosis of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLFs), but their interactions on the HPLF apoptosis in vitro have not yet been reported. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of different concentrations of lipopolysaccharide and high glucose on the proliferation, apoptosis and the expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 in HPLFs in vitro. METHODS:The primarily cultured HPLFs were identified. The 5-8 generations of HPLFs were col ected and used in the subsequent experiment. The HPLFs were cultured in different concentrations of glucose (5.5 and 25 mmol/L) and lipopolysaccharide (0, 1 and 10 mg/L) for 24 and 48 hours, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Lipopolysaccharide (10 mg/L) could significantly inhibit the cel proliferation, promote the cel apoptosis, upregulate the expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA and induce a significant decrease in Bcl-2/Bax ratio in the cel s cultured with 5.5 mmol/L glucose (P<0.05). The lipopolysaccharide-induced suppression of cel proliferation, cel apoptosis, the expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA as wel as decrease in Bcl-2/Bax ratio were significantly strengthened in the HPLFs treated with 25 mmol/L glucose (P<0.05). Analysis of variance found that high glucose and lipopolysaccharide had a significant interaction on the cel apoptosis (P<0.05). These results reveal that lipopolysaccharide-induced suppression of cel proliferation, cel apoptosis and the expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA are augmented in HPLFs cultured under high glucose condition, indicating lipopolysaccharide and high glucose interactively act in inducing cel apoptosis.
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BACKGROUND:Bone formation and development are reported to be regulated by bone morphogenetic protein2(BMP2)-induced Osterix expression. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the regulatory effect of BMP2/Osterix signaling pathway on differentiation of preosteoblasts in mice. METHODS:mRNA and protein expression of Osterix wasdetermined by real-time RT-PCR and western blot assay, respectively at various time points after mouse preosteoblasts were treated with BMP2. pcDNA3.1/myc-Osterix eukaryotic expression vector was constructed and transducted into preosteoblasts, and then mRNA expression of alkaline phosphatase, bone sialoprotein, and matrix extracelular phosphoglycoprotein wasdetected by real-time RT-PCR after transduction and BMP2 treatment. RESULTSANDCONCLUSION:Osterix mRNA expression was up-regulated when treated with BMP2 in mouse preosteoblasts, and reached the peak at 24 hours. In addition, the protein expression of Osterix was increased after BMP2 treatment. Alkaline phosphatase, bone sialoprotein, and matrix extracelular phosphoglycoprotein mRNA expression wasup-regulated after transfection of mouse preosteoblasts with pcDNA3.1/myc-Osterix eukaryotic expression vector and BMP2 treatment. Our results indicate that BMP2 regulates the synthesis of genetic markers of osteogenesis,such asalkaline phosphatase,matrix extracelular phosphoglycoproteinviaup-regulating Osterix expression in mouse preosteoblasts, suggesting BMP2/Osterix signaling pathway plays a critical role in bone development.
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BACKGROUND:According to the core functional zone of amino acid sequence of the osteoinduction in bone morphogenetic proteins, our research group synthesized bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) active polypeptides Ⅰ and Ⅱ by artificial solid-state synthesis method. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the osteoinductive ability of BMP active polypeptides Ⅰ and Ⅱ in animals. METHODS:Forty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into seven groups, and respectively implanted with hydroxyapatite/polylactic acid carrying 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 g/L BMP active polypeptides I, hydroxyapatite/polylactic acid carrying 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 g/L BMP active polypeptides Ⅱ, and hydroxyapatite/polylactic acid alone. At 3 and 5 weeks postoperatively, X-ray, CT and histological detection were conducted to evaluate osteoinductive conditions in the seven groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 3 and 5 weeks postoperatively, there were better local osteoinductive effects in the groups hydroxyapatite/polylactic acid carrying BMP active polypeptides Ⅰ and Ⅱ than the group of hydroxyapatite/polylactic acid, indicating both two kinds of BMP active polypeptides possessed a certain osteoinductive ability. Moreover, this osteoinductive ability became stronger with time. At 5 weeks postoperatively, the osteoinductive effect in the 0.4 and 0.8 g/L BMP active polypeptides I groups was better than that in the 0.2 g/L BMP active polypeptides I group and the 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 BMP active polypeptides Ⅱ groups (P < 0.05). In addition, there was no difference in the osteoinductive effect of 0.4 and 0.8 g/L BMP active polypeptides I groups. These results indicate that BMP active polypeptides I has a stronger osteoinductive ability than BMP active polypeptides Ⅱ.
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Objective:To investigate the relationship between cancer-related fatigue and cortisol in cancer patients and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Methods:A total of 80 cancer cases were divided into two groups:fatigue group (50 cases with cancer-related fatigue) and non-fatigue group (30 cases without fatigue). The scores were evaluated through the Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory-Short Form (MFSI-SF) and the Fatigue Symptom Inventory (FSI) report. Serum specimens were examined through electrochemiluminesence immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum cholesterol was examined through the CHOD-PAP method, and serum total protein and albumin were determined via the Biuret method. Agarose gel electrophoresis was conducted to determine alpha 2 globulin ratio and to calculate serum alpha 2 globulin concentration. Results: The cortisol level in the fatigue group was significantly lower than that in the non-fatigue group[(119.68±5.34) nmol/L vs. (163.45± 31.49) nmol/L, P<0.05], and the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) level in the fatigue group was significantly higher than that in the non-fatigue group [(104.50 ± 17.15) ng/L vs. (51.43±13.24) ng/L, P<0.05]. Cortisol negatively correlated with MFSI-SF (r=-0.867, P<0.001) but positively correlated with ACTH (r=0.809, P<0.001). Furthermore, cortisol negatively correlated with FSI (r=-0.747, P<0.001) but positively correlated with ACTH (r=0.70, P<0.001). The levels of serum cholesterol [(1.25±0.70) mmol/L vs. (3.28±0.73) mmol/L, P<0.05], albumin[(18.24 ± 7.03) g/L vs. (37.40 ± 8.05) g/L, P<0.05], and alpha-2 globulin [(2.25±1.07) g/L vs. (5.36±1.09) g/L, P<0.05]were significantly lower in the fatigue group than in the non-fatigue group. Conclusion:The patients with cancer-related fatigue exhibited increased MFSI-SF score, decreased serum cortisol level, and enhanced ACTH level. The low serum cortisol levels caused a disorder in the serum ACTH and cancer-related fatigue of malignant tumor patients. The mechanism underlying the reduction in serum cortisol level correlated with the insufficient amounts of serum cholesterol, the composite material of cortisols, and of serum albumin, particularly alpha-2 globulin, the carrier protein of serum cholesterol.
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A sandwich format immunochromatographic assay for detecting foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotypes was developed. In this rapid test, affinity purified polyclonal antibodies from Guinea pigs which were immunized with sucking-mouse adapted FMD virus (A/AV88(L) strain) were conjugated to colloidal gold beads and used as the capture antibody, and affinity purified polyclonal antibodies from rabbits which were immunized with cell-culture adapted FMD virus (A/CHA/09 strain) were used as detector antibody. On the nitrocellulose membrane of the immunochromatographic strip, the capture antibody was laid on a sample pad, the detector antibody was printed at the test line(T) and goat anti-guinea pigs IgG antibodies were immobilized to the control line(C). The lower detection limit of the test for a FMDV 146S antigen is 11.7ng/ml as determined in serial tests after the strip device was assembled and the assay condition optimization. No cross reactions were found with FMDV serotype C, Swine vesicular disease (SVD), Vesicular stomatiti svirus (VSV) and vesicular exanthema of swine virus (VES) viral antigens with this rapid test. Clinically, the diagnostic sensitivity of this test for FMDV serotypes A was 88.7% which is as same as an indirect-sandwich ELISA. The specificity of this strip test was 98.2% and is comparable to the 98.7% obtained with indirect-sandwich ELISA. This rapid strip test is simple, easy and fast for clinical testing on field sites;no special instruments and skills are required, and the result can be obtained within 15 min. To our knowledge, this is the first rapid immunochromatogarpic assay for serotype A of FMDV.
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Objective To observe the effect of compound Zaofan Pills on the recovery of hemopoietic function in mice with radiation injury.Methods Three days after gastric infusion of compound Zaofan Pills 40 mg/mL (1 g/kg),the mice were treated with radiation of 60Co, 5 Gy per day. After 10 days of radiation, peripheral blood counting ,CFU-GM,BFU-E,CFU-E,CFU-S and the content of 3H-TDR integrated into DNA were tested.Results After treatment,compound Zaofan Pills increased the count of white blood cells, red blood cells and platelet, elevated CFU-GM,BFU-E and CFU-E and enhanced the content of 3H-TDR integrated into DNA (P 0.05).Conclusion Compound Zaofan Pills can promote the recovery of hemopoietic function in mice with radiation injury.
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AIM: To explore the different inhibitory effect of arsenic trioxide (As_2O_3) on hepatocarcinoma cell growth in SMMC-7721 and BEL-7402 cell lines and its mechanism. METHODS: The cell culture and trypan blue staining were used to study the inhibitory effect of arsenic trioxide on cell growth, and the glutathione (GSH) contents in hepatocarcinoma cells treated with arsenic trioxide were detected. RESULTS: Arsenic trioxide inhibited the growth of BEL-7402 cells in a time and dose-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect was significant at a lower dose of 0.50 ?mol/L for 24 h, however, to SMMC-7721 cells, a higher dose of 2.00 ?mol/L for 96 h was needed. The inhibitory rate of arsenic trioxide (0.25-2.00 ?mol/L) on BEL-7402 cell growth was higher than that on SMMC-7721 cells. The content of GSH in SMMC-7721 cells was much higher than that in BEL-7402 cells [(50.8?5.2) (?mol/g) protein and (18.7?1.4) ?mol/g protein, respectively]. CONCLUSION: There was a significant difference in inhibition of hepatocarcinoma cell growth by arsenic trioxide between BEL-7402 and SMMC-7721 cell lines, the cause of which may be due to the difference in GSH content in BEL-7402 and SMMC-7721 cells. [